ACI 355.2 prescribes testing programs and evaluation requirements for post-installed mechanical anchors intended for use in concrete under the design provisions of ACI 318. Qualification of Post-Installed Adhesive Anchors in Concrete (ACI 355.4) and Commentary First Printing August 2011 ISBN 978-0-87031-393-6 ... for design in accordance with ACI 318, Appendix D. Appendix D requires that anchors be tested either for use. In the 2011 edition of ACI 318, provisions were given for another type of post-installed anchors- adhesive (or bonded) anchors. A design procedure for screw anchors does exist; they can be safely designed using a procedure found in ICC/ES AC193 (2012). The ACI qualification standard, ACI 355.2, is being updated to include screw anchor qualification testing.▪. Mechanical anchors are included in the new certification program. Questions or comments regarding this website are encouraged: Contact the webmaster. Generally, concrete anchors must be qualified if their failure would compromise the safety or result in substantial economic damage. This new program builds upon the ACI Adhesive Anchor Installation Inspector certification program, and includes inspection of post-installed mechanical anchors. Post-installed anchors used to be outside the scope of anchor design provisions in legacy model codes. It engages, enlightens, and empowers structural engineers through interesting, informative, and inspirational content. (2012), “Basis for Design of Screw Anchors in Concrete,” ACI Structural Journal, Vol. Based partially on the Boston Big Dig tunnel accident, the adhesive anchor installer must be certified to install anchors in certain orientations and under certain load conditions. All adhesive anchor Evaluation Service Reports (ESR) will reference ACI 318-11, Appendix D. This includes the design provisions for bond strength and concrete breakout. ACI 355.4 Qualification of Post-Installed Adhesive Anchors in Concrete – Chapters 1-3 and 10-13; ACI 355.2 Qualification of Post-Installed Mechanical Anchors in Concrete and Commentary – Chapters 1-3, 6, and R1-R4; ICC-ES ESR-2583 PE1000+, Epoxy Adhesive Anchor System in Crack and Uncracked Concrete Post-installed anchor is an anchor installed in hardened concrete and masonry. However, recently we have had a couple instances where our standard 4"x4" anchor bolt pattern has been rejected where we have specified 1 1/4" dia anchor bolts. The applications in this first code for anchorage design were limited to cast-in-place anchors and post-installed mechanical expansion anchors. Web development and content management by C3 Ink™, a division of Copper Creek Companies, Inc. Before linking, please review the STRUCTUREmag.org linking policy. Definitions from ACI 318-14: Anchor – Steel element either cast into concrete or post-installed into hardened concrete used to transmit loads Cast in Anchor - is only a headed bolt, headed stud, or hooked bolt. It included adverse service condition tests for these anchors such as dampness, elevated temperature and sustained load. AC58 was first issued by ICC-ES in 1995 to address the performance parameters of adhesive anchors in both concrete and masonry. ACI offers Post-Installed Concrete Anchor Installation Inspector program New course builds upon ACI's existing certification program. Distinguishing post-installed adhesive anchors from post-installed reinforcing bars Design of post-installed adhesive anchors under ACI 318-11, 1 Appendix D, generally proceeds under the assumption that the free (unembedded) end of the anchor will be used to secure a structural element—often a structural steel shape, as shown in Fig. the provisions of ACI 318. In Europe, anchor design is governed by the new standard EN 1992‐4, and in the United States by ACI 318. The ACI Code provisions are not mandatory unless adopted by the local building code for the given jurisdiction. StruBIM Anchors ACI 318 is a program to check anchors used in concrete elements based on the ACI code (ACI 318-11 Appendix D or ACI 318-14 Article 17). To provide the mechanical interlock to the concrete, the screw anchor cuts a thread into the concrete during the installation process. If anchors must be located in these plastic hinge zones, they should be designed so that the anchor forces are directly transferred to anchor reinforcement that carries these anchor forces into the member beyond the anchor region. Adhesive anchors loaded in shear behave similar to other post-installed and cast-in-place anchors, and, hence, existing design models and procedures could be used. Hoermann-Gast, A. Post-installed mechanical anchors are included in the scope of ACI 318 Appendix D, and post-installed adhesive anchors are addressed in ICC-ES acceptance criteria that reference ACI 355.2. AC193 also outlines the qualification tests required for screw anchors. 1. 109, No. Testing referenced in the ESR’s by the manufacturers will conform to the revised AC308, which is essentially ACI 355.4-11. Although post-installed anchors are commonly used in concrete construction, choosing the right anchor for a given application is not as simple as it might appear. (203mm) masonry wall, see Figure 5 … ACI 355.2. Neal S. Anderson, P.E., S.E., is a Staff Consultant at Simpson Gumpertz & Heger Inc. in their new Chicago office. The new structural building code (ACI 2014) will be re-organized based on member type. In reality, screw anchors have been around since the early 1990s. Types of anchors. under the provisions of ACI 318. 2011-12-16 Rev 1.0.0 Page 6 of 155 For anchorage design in moderate to high seismic zone (ACI 318-08 SDC>=C and CSA A23.3-04 R2010 IEFaSa(0.2)>=0.35) ductile anchor design is mandatory as specified in ACI 318-08 D.3.3.4 and CSA A23.3-04 R2010 D.4.3.6. Both the new Post-Installed Concrete Anchor Installation Inspector program and existing Adhesive Anchor Installation Inspector program are cited in the new ACI 318 … Post-installed mechanical anchors intended to resist seismic actions shall have passed the seismic test of ACI 355.2” ACI 355.2 applies to post-installed mechanical anchors intended for use in structural applications addressed by ACI 318 and subjected to static or seismic loads in tension, shear, or combined tension and shear. Concrete Construction: Resources for contractors and specifiers including construction methods, materials and practices. As of 15 January 2014, the following actions were taken: As of 15 January 2015, the following will be required: There are many more nuances to the IBC 2012 and ACI codes referenced and the phase-in situation. Concrete anchor qualification results in technical approvals forming the basis for a code‐compliant design. Similarly, adhesives used in ACI 318-11 (2011) anchor designs must be qualified in accordance with the ACI 355.4-11 standard (ACI 355 2011). The codified design provisions represented a generic approach to anchorage design, which diverged from past design practice of using manufacturers design tables; these tables may or may not have represented all characteristics associated with an anchor’s design capacity. ... multiple cast-in or post-installed products DEWALT has to offer. ACI has launched its Post-Installed Concrete Anchor Installation Inspector certification program to certify individuals who have demonstrated the knowledge required to properly inspect the installation of post-installed adhesive and mechanical anchors in concrete. So, what is the state of the anchoring industry and where do the codes go from here? Post-installed adhesive anchors shall not be used in sustained tension load applications. They are intended to carry direct tension, direct shear, or combinations of tension and shear loadings. Adhesive anchor design provisions for tension were the only provisions supplemented, necessitating new checks for concrete bond stress. 1.3 ACI 355.2 applies to post-installed mechanical anchors (torque-controlled expansion achors, displacement-controlledn expansion anchors, and undercut anchors) placed into predrilled holes and anchored within the concrete by mechanical means. In 12 years, we have codified anchorage design procedures and developed anchor qualification standards that have greatly raised the reliability bar for anchors used in practical design conditions. (2011), “Anchor Provisions Undergo Significant Changes in the 2012 International Building Code,” Concrete International, American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, Michigan, September, pp. Quick Anchor is an easy-to-use computer program to calculate the tensile and shear strengths of cast-in-place and post-installed anchors (single or a group) in accordance with the provisions of ACI 318 Appendix D. Through a simple and intuitive interface, As the industry adopts the ACI 318-19 code, we expect demand for certified anchor inspectors to grow.”. Acceptance Criteria for Post-Installed Adhesive Anchors in Concrete Elements (AC308, Jan 2016), USA. For post-installed mechanical anchors, anchors must be qualified to the criterion in the ACI 355.2 standard (ACI 355 2007). If the anchor qualifies it can be designed with the provisions outlined in Appendix D. (Keep in mind the ACI Code provisions are not mandatory unless adopted by the local building code.) Olsen, J., Pregartner, T., and Lamanna, A.J. ACI has launched its Post-Installed Concrete Anchor Installation Inspector certification program to certify individuals who have demonstrated the knowledge required to properly inspect the installation of post-installed adhesive and mechanical anchors … Projected area is the area on the free surface of the concrete member that is used to represent the larger base of … Experience STRUCTURE magazine at its best! Currently, screw anchors fall outside the scope of ACI 318 Anchoring to Concrete, but will be studied for inclusion during the next code cycle. This policy establishes parameters for allowable applications of post-installed adhesive anchors in concrete. Certification was deemed an important component of adhesive anchor usage, on par with certified welders for welding key structural steel connections. ACI 318-11 requires that "Anchors shall be installed … Design of post-installed adhesive systems is regulated by ACI 318-14 Chapter 17, “Anchoring to Concrete.” Contact publisher for all permission requests. However, the U.S. is under a stepped phase-in period for adoption of the design and qualification of adhesive anchors. This makes the use of screw anchors a single-use item; removing and reusing the screw anchor in the drilled hole is not advised because the cutting threads on the screw are worn and getting the screw threads into the original cut threads in the concrete is difficult. 31-33. International Code Council – ICC (2012), 2012 International Building Code (IBC), Washington, DC, 2011, 722 pp. ACI Committee 318 (2014), Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete (ACI 318-14) and Commentary (ACI 318R-14), American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, Michigan [draft version presently out for public comment]. ICC Evaluation Service – ICC/ES (2012), Acceptance Criteria for Mechanical Anchors in Concrete Elements – AC193, ICC Evaluation Service, LLC (ICC-ES), Whittier, California, June, 49 pp. ACI 318 Building Code cites need for anchor inspectors Simpson Strong-Tie Mechanical anchors are included in the new certification program. Research testing of screw anchors has shown that failure can occur in tension via three modes: steel failure, concrete breakout failure, and pullout failure. 17 www.hilti.com 2009 IBC This was corrected in the 2009 IBC through the addition of a new entry for “anchors installed in hardened concrete”. Undercutting of screw threads in concrete (from Olsen, et. 559-568. 1.4 ACI 355.2 applies only to anchors with a nominal di- There are actually several factors that affect proper anchor choice, so considering them all is essential. Under D.6.2.3, Equation D-25 only applies if s is not less than 2.5". Purpose: This bulletin establishes acceptance criteria for post-installed screw anchors installed in hardened concrete as an alternative material in the NYC Construction Codes. This anchor type was accepted by ACI 318-11 in a three-part acceptance format: Adhesive anchors were incorporated into ACI 318 under the premise that the existing design models would be minimally affected. ACI 355.4 Qualification of Post-Installed Adhesive Anchors in Concrete, Chapters 1–3 and 10–13 ACI 355.2 Qualification of Post-Installed Mechanical Anchors in Concrete and Commentary, Chapters 1–3, 6, and R1–R4 ICC-ES ESR-2583 PE1000+®, Epoxy Adhesive Anchor System in Crack and Uncracked Concrete (Dewalt/Powers) Code Section D.3.3.4.3 gives four (4) options for anchors and their attachments to 1.4 ACI 355.2 applies to anchors with a nominal diameter Incorporates cast-in-place headed bolts, headed studs and hooked bolts Incorporates post-installed adhesive, undercut, and expansion anchors. 2011-12-16 Rev 1.0.0 Page 6 of 155 For anchorage design in moderate to high seismic zone (ACI 318-08 SDC>=C and CSA A23.3-04 R2010 IEFaSa(0.2)>=0.35) ductile anchor design is mandatory as specified in ACI 318-08 D.3.3.4 and CSA A23.3-04 R2010 D.4.3.6. Per the code inspection was not required for post‐installed anchors or for anchors designed using strength design provisions, e.g., of ACI 318. Incorporates provisions of ACI 318-14, ACI 318-11, ACI 318-08 and ACI 318-05. ACI Committee 355 (2007), Qualification of Post-Installed Mechanical Anchors in Concrete and Commentary (ACI 355.2-07), American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, Michigan, 39 pp. Qualification of Post-Installed Mechanical Anchors in Concrete and Commentary An ACI Standard. Th… Under ACI 318-05 Appendix D, D8.1, The minimum spacing of post-installed anchors is 6*do, 4*do for c.i.p anchors. B&O Railroad Bridge at Harpers Ferry – 1836, Engineering Evaluation of Fire Damage to Concrete Foundations. Drill and Bond Dowels (Chemical Adhesive) are designated as post-installed adhesive anchors per AASHTO-CA BDS and ACI 318-14. This requirement is recognition by the ACI 318 Code committee that adhesive anchor installation needed some oversight qualifications to achieve satisfactory installations, consistent with the written design requirements and anchor manufacturer installation instructions. In 12 years, we have codified anchorag… Example 01: Anchor Bolt + Anchor Reinft + Tension & Shear + ACI 318-08 Code . Post-installed anchors must meet ACI 355.2 or AQCI 355-4 (D3.3.3) Anchors in ... ACI 318-11 defines stretch length as the length of anchor extending beyond the concrete, subject to tensile load. Post-Installed Anchors. ... Anchor Comparisons Comparisons of anchors can occur in several ways within DEWALT Design Assist. under the provisions of ACI 318. Description. Supports the 2015 IBC, 2012 IBC, 2009 IBC and the 2006 IBC. In Figure 1, the undercutting of the threads in the concrete is illustrated. 4, July-August, pp. The next code cycle will contemplate further additions and layout reorganization. ACI 355.4 is a comprehensive product standard for structural adhesives used for anchoring, modelled after the ICC/ES Acceptance Criteria (AC) 308 (2013). 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All materials contained in this website fall under U.S. copyright laws. Reprinting or other use of these materials without express permission of NCSEA is prohibited. New ACI 318 Code requirements, however, will make installing anchors a bit more challenging. Consequently, it is recommended that screw anchors be used within a limited embedment depth, that is, 1-5/8 inches < hef < 11 da. Most building codes currently reference ACI 318 – 11 Appendix D as the required provision for designing a wide variety of anchor types that include expansion, undercut, adhesive and cast-in-place anchors in concrete base materials. Formal concrete anchorage design provisions first appeared in ACI 318-02 as Appendix D, with applications limited to cast-in-place anchors and post-installed mechanical expansion anchors.The codified design provisions represented a generic approach to anchorage design, which diverged from past design practice of using manufacturers design tables; these tables may or may not have represented all characteristics associated with an anchor’s design capacity. Comments posted to STRUCTURE website do not constitute endorsement by NCSEA, CASE, SEI, C3 Ink, or the Editorial Board. Although the design procedure for screw anchors has not been codified, they are gaining acceptance in building practice as a reliable fastening element (Olsen, et. 1.3 ACI 355.2 applies only to post-installed mechanical anchors (torque-controlled expansion anchors, displace-ment-controlled expansion anchors, and undercut anchors), placed into predrilled holes and anchored within the concrete by mechanical means. In the 2011 edition of ACI 318, provisions were given for another type of post-installed anchors- adhesive (or bonded) anchors. 1.4 ACI 355.2 applies to anchors with a nominal diameter ACI 318-19 ACI 318-19 ACI 318-14 CSA A23.3-14 ANCHOR TYPES ANCHORS & FASTENERS. (RD.3.3.2) Post-installed anchors must meet ACI 355.2 or AQCI 355-4 (D3.3.3) Deep embedments are often difficult to achieve because the friction of cutting a thread can exceed the torsional capacity of the screw shank and fail the steel in torsion. Example 01: Anchor Bolt + Anchor Reinft + Tension & Shear + ACI 318-08 Code . al., 2012). But unlike other chapters in the re-organized Code, Chapter 17 essentially remained an untouched clone of Appendix D. This was a conscientious decision by the 318 Code Committee at the beginning of the reorganization work, because: (1) the Appendix D anchor design provisions are still “relatively new” and (2) there was a desire to keep things the same, as the design profession and university classrooms are just getting familiar with the provisions.
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